Goa the smallest of all the Indian states in size and is the forth smallest state in terms of population. Goa is situated on the Arabian Sea which is to its west. The state of Maharashtra is to the north and Karnataka borders Goa to the east and south. Panaji is the states capital and headquarters of the North Goa District. Panaji means the land that never floods. This is a charming little city on the banks of the Mandovi river. The red roofed houses built in the Latin style are also interspersed with modern housing. The avenues are lines with gardens, statues, Gulmohar, Acassia and other trees. The church on the main square is baroque and the influence of Portuguese explorers in the region. The city is on the left bank of the Mandovi river uder the terraced hillsides that have been farmed for centuries. The Goa spa resorts offer a relaxing respite to the weary traveler. The Manrovi River is 77 kilometers long originates from some thirty springs at Bhimgad on the Western Ghats. The river passes through the Dudhsagar Falls and the Varapoha Falls as it makes its way to the Aribian sea. The river enters Goa from the north via Sattari Taluka. The Mandovi flows through Cumbarjua, Divadi and Chodne before pouring into the Aribian sea. The Cumbarjuem Canal links the two rivers together and makes the river accesable to ships carring iron ore the primary mineral of the region. Three large freshwater isles, Divar, Chorao and Vashee are present in the Mandovi near the town of Old Goa. The island of Chorao is hoem to the Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary. This sanctuary is named after the renowned ornithologist Salim Ali. A regular ferry transports residents of the area between islands and the main land.

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